Architecture of Change: Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment
27 Jun 2008 Category: Architecture, Conscientious Design
The meticulous Architecture of Change - Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment by Berlin-based Kristin and Lukas Feireiss is a compilation that looks at architecture from so many perspectives. Featuring state-of-the-art examples of sustainability in the First World and human projects in the Third next to funky experimental concepts and landscape art, packaged with several essays and interviews for a theoretical base. Is this the way we should deal with architecture in the future? PingMag had a theory chinwag with Lukas.
Written by Verena

First, there is this long title, Architecture of Change - Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment, indicating that you tackle the subject from different aspects and, in an interdisciplinary way, try to think about sustainability and humanity and social issues. Is this a new field in architecture?

The park area of an ‘Air Tree:’ Ecoboulevard by Ecosistema Urbano. Photo by Emilio P. Doiztua. From Architecture of Change. © Gestalten 2008
Actually we mix a few things with the title, Architecture of Change…. Change means that there’s a process going on. Sustainability in a general sense means to keep something the way it is. That makes a conscious contradiction in the title — changing and sustaining. But how can I change and sustain at the same time? This challenge is what we try to put across.
Then, humanity is another aspect that we found extremely important for the whole subject, because it’s not only about an ecological or technological solution, it’s about the whole of humankind. From our point of view, sustainability, the subject of humanity, of living together, is a crucial moment in the whole discussion and should not be extracted from it. Plus it gives the overview of what architects do.

So it’s a social engagement that you claim architects have. In this context, there’s one quote in the book, from German critic Joachim Fest, saying: First we build our buildings and then the buildings build us. Architects have to think about the people who may populate their buildings. Elsewhere in your book, Klaus Töpfer, former Under Secretary General of the United Nations, refers to the social impact of architecture that he finds underestimated — lsuch as the housing projects in the French banlieue. What do you think?
Architecture is the most dominant artistic practice that we’re confronted with in our daily life. We live in buildings all day; we sleep, we eat, we drink in buildings so it’s really a part of ourselves. And about the quote from Joachim Fest which Klaus Töpfer mentioned in his interview, it’s a very simple understanding which we find in Karl Marx saying design defines the consciousness — where we are and where we live very much imprints on who we are. Meaning this aspect is more than important for architects.
There’s more to architecture than its simple purpose of shelter or protection, a cast to architecture. However they are creating social environments, urban spaces and the public spaces where people actually interact. So they are the catalyst for social interaction, for society to work in. This is a big topic and we can go from dictatorial architecture to that of social engagement.


…and you can create crisis and isolation with architecture like the Plattenbauten, the Eastern German prefabricated buildings… Let’s get to Architecture of Change itself, please! The book surprisingly starts and ends with several sculptures as landscape art, such as the beautiful tree houses by Patrick Dougherty [above]. What was the concept?
The intro and the epilogue of the book are artistic projects: It’s about nature in general and dealing with nature and natural environments as opposed to a built environment — or making a natural environment into a built environment. So we looked for artists and landscape artists who are involved in creating something out of what’s already there. And you see in the first images that it goes more and more towards an architectural form. It was very important for us to give inspirations that go further than simply architecture.

How inspiring, indeed! Afterwards, you find all sorts of amazing architecture. Which did you regard most effective in terms of their practicality?
Let’s start more generally: This book gives a broad overview of what’s possible in sustainable building practices or social practices in architecture. So it ranges from economically speaking very simple, modernistic architecture to very free-flowing, avant-garde forms; from small, private houses to school buildings to skyscrapers, to federal buildings. It’s not restricted at all to one certain section. And secondly it comprises all these ideas that are in a state of research or initiative.
That ranges from intelligent housing or open source internet platforms, such as the Open Architecture Network by Architecture for Humanity, to ideas on how to clean the rivers, to more urban engagement like the Ecoboulevard by Ecosistema Urbano from Madrid — which is one of my favorite projects, by the way [pictured way above]. If I would pick a few, it would probably be the Cape Schanck House in Australia by Paul Morgan [above]. He converts the problem of water scarcity — a big theme in Australia — and brings the water into an essential element of the building’s design.

What an elegant aerodynamic shape! The DPI Queenscliff Centre was built in Australia as well… [above]
That’s also beautiful, done by Lyons Architects. They deal with a nature reservation and it’s a biological research centre on the coast. And while sustaining the environmental context there, it still has a very appealing aesthetic formula. Or take a look at the San Francisco Federal Building by California-based Morphosis [below]. This skyscraper in an urban San Francisco context was awarded a LEED gold, which is a classification for an ecological building in the United States.
This would be another difficulty in the topic of sustainable architecture: What we understand as the operating procedure in Europe, especially in Germany, Austria or Switzerland for building is a revolution in America. What we’ve been doing here in the sustainability line in the last ten years would be understood as something totally new in America. Let’s take the Morphosis building which might not be the biggest jump in sustainable design at all, however it has been something of a role model figure.


Wait a minute, totally new…?
Well, if more people and such art-architects like former Pritzker prize winner Tom Mayne get involved in the whole re-building topic, that really leaves a mark on the architectural scene. Then we have the phenomenon that the ecological performance really becomes the aesthetic. Before, basically you had a building and you tried to attach or add to it some ecological features — maybe a solar panel on top of the roof. But now it’s changing — the ecological performance is first and from there generates the form, the aesthetics, the design. It’s quite a big, big jump that’s happening.


Indeed. What you call the aesthetics of performance. If you name now Europe and America… you didn’t have so many Asian architects. How come?
People from five continents proposed projects to the Zumtobel Group Award for Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment on which the book is based. There were very few from the Asian side and the ones that were in didn’t make it past the jury. This is something that will remain for the follow-up project and there’s definitely going to be a clear focus on Asian and especially Japanese projects because there’s plenty of approaches in Japan. I’m currently working on another book coming out this October which will be full of Japanese projects, for example. So from Kengo Kuma to I don’t know where – they’re a milestone in ecological building in Japan! And for your info, the book is called Strike a Pose and focuses on eccentric architecture and spectacular spaces with very intense architectural languages. Like a pop book of architecture with striking colours, strong forms.


For these projects, I think, Japan is the country! [laughs] Back to Architecture of Change! Again, going beyond the traditional architectural field makes it quite interdisciplinary. In addition, there are several interesting essays in this book. For example, one by sustainable researcher William McDonough or one entitled “Cities: At The Heart of Our Environmental Future” by American sociologist Saskia Sassen where she’s talking about the urban condition as socio-ecological system. She is explaining how cities are like an ecosystem of their own that can get polluted like a pond. But the whole city has its own abilities to use its structure and power resources to regenerate and rebuild itself. Which, I guess, leaves it up to the town planning strategies to deal with future cities’ problems.

Greener paradise inside the Lufthansa Aviation Center in Frankfurt, Germany, by Ingenhoven Architekten. Photo by H. G. Hensch, Hennef. From Architecture of Change. © Gestalten 2008
Good point. This is the understanding of our built environments that we have created in opposition to nature as an ecosystem in itself — which can be destroyed and which we have to somehow manage and handle. Regarding the essays, they are one of three pillars in the book: The first is the projects with architects either building or being involved in these. The second is the intro and outro for artful inspiration and exploring how art is dealing with the subject. And thirdly it’s the essays – their authors aren’t architects only, so we have sociologist Saskia Sassen or Matthew Petersen who is the CEO of Global Green, the biggest NGO in this field. He’s very Hollywood-oriented via Brad Pitt and Leonardo DiCaprio. Then, it’s former UN Under Secretary Klaus Töpfer – we really tried to reach the sociological, the economic or the political point of view. Or again someone like William McDonough or Ken Yeang, architects who have been pioneers in this field for decades already and come to a conclusion on where this could lead to, a future perspective.
Very interdisciplinary! By the way, you mentioned earlier to me that you’re not an architect but come from more of a philosophical or conceptual background…?
I come more from cultural studies, studied philosophy and comparative religious studies, and grew up in my mother’s architecture gallery since I was three — the editors of Architecture of Change are my mother and myself. It’s been around all of my life but it never really interested me until rather late in my philosophy studies where I focused all my attention to architecture or building-related topics. Architecture is a very addictive theme, once you start with it its really hard to let go because you can really tackle it from every discipline, from every point of view.

Interesting! I read one your essays online about urban ghetto structure where you take it from a pop cultural background… So, how did you work together with your mother? I guess that’s not always easy to work with family members. [laughs]
Yes, but we’re a cool family and a great team! As I said earlier, this book is based on the research that I did for the Zumtobel Group Award for Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment which was curated by Aedes, my mother’s architecture gallery in Berlin. So the whole starting point was her and her partner’s initiative and I did the research.
And with the book you present all the Zumtobel Award winners. Needless to say that you want to ignite a discussion with Architecture of Change…
Yes, we are raising questions and we’re trying ways to go there. It’s such a huge topic, such an important one. Actually, finding the question is more important than finding the right answer!
Very good approach! Thank you, Lukas. After your superb Architecture of Change - Sustainability and Humanity in the Built Environment, we are eagerly awaiting your next book on crazy Japanese architecture!

79 Comments
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wow!
This is a positive future after-all.
Posted by: Tom G 1 on June 27th, 2008 at 9:21 pm
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Posted by: News » Interview with editors of Architecture of Change on June 28th, 2008 at 10:05 am
Love it…! ˆ_
Posted by: Aroldo on June 28th, 2008 at 11:17 am
Wow - that is some awesome architecture!
Posted by: Art of CIP on June 29th, 2008 at 3:43 am
Yes, I agree… Super nice stuff!
Much better and more forward future thinking than the rotating buildings that they will soon start making in dubai….
Posted by: shantell martin on June 29th, 2008 at 3:25 pm
Great design’s look straight of a movie set.
Posted by: steve jenings on June 29th, 2008 at 4:02 pm
See, we can have cool and Eco friendly.
Posted by: Alice Spencer on June 29th, 2008 at 4:03 pm
always strong, lukas, verena and ping… great survey interview of sustainability in architecture… thanks!!!
Posted by: luis on June 30th, 2008 at 12:25 am
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Gosh.. I’m speechless. Thanks a lot for your inspiring ideas. Hopefully someday we can build some of this in Indonesia
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